Recently, foreign media has revealed that Ford has developed a new infrared camera headlight night vision technology, which can use the infrared imaging principle to greatly improve the driving safety at night. In this regard, many media believe that similar technologies such as ABB and other auto giants have already had it, and Ford is only re-emphasizing in the old tune. There are also some comments that the technology is not copied in the past, and there are some highlights, even the most advanced night vision system. What is the truth? After some investigation, the car cloud has its own judgment.
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Technical principles are not new
To distinguish whether Ford is cooking or not, nothing is discussed in terms of technical principles and functional realization.
The first is whether the technical principle is different from the previous one?
As we all know, if all the night vision or night vision illumination systems that have been exposed before are classified according to the imaging mechanism, they can be divided into low-light night vision and infrared night vision.
Low-light night vision originated from the military, and most of the night vision images we often see in spy wars or battlefield news fall into this category. The technology mainly utilizes the physics principle of the photoelectric effect, and the natural light such as moonlight or starlight scattered on the surface of the object is magnified by hundreds of times or tens of thousands of times by the image enhancement tube, thereby achieving the brightness visible to the human eye. In other words, such night vision devices still need to be based on light, and if the surrounding environment is completely unlit, visual enhancement is not possible.
Low light level night vision
Low light level night vision equipment
Infrared night vision uses infrared light to sense everything in the dark. Unlike low-light imaging, this type of night vision technology works fine even in a completely dark environment.
According to the imaging method, infrared night vision is further subdivided into two types: active infrared night vision and passive infrared night vision.
Active infrared night vision, as the name implies, means that the night vision device itself emits infrared light to illuminate the surrounding environment. After being reflected by the object, the infrared radiation is focused on the photocathode of the infrared image tube through the optical objective lens, and then the electro-optical system is accelerated by the photoelectric effect, and finally an image that can be understood can be formed. Mercedes-Benz NIR-Near-Infrared Ray and Cadillac Eagle-eye night vision systems have been developed based on this technology.
Passive infrared night vision technology is a thermal imager commonly spoken in people's mouths. The technology uses a far-infrared thermoforming camera to image and use the heat emitted by surrounding objects as a source of imaging. BMW Night Vision night vision systems like BMW and Audi's night vision assistant night vision system fall into this category.
According to related reports, Ford's new infrared camera headlight night vision technology mainly collects the ambient temperature within a radius of 120m around the circumference through an infrared camera located at the front of the vehicle to determine whether there are pedestrians or animals in front. A typical passive infrared night vision system. Therefore, from the point of view of technical principles, it is indeed a feeling of frying.
Ford passive infrared night vision
Ford infrared camera headlight night vision technology
Night vision is also difficult to innovate
In terms of function realization, will this system have a breakthrough? To explore this issue, we need to separate two new dimensions to explain one by one.
One is the "hard indicator", the night vision function itself. Although Ford has not exhibited in kind to date, but from the passive infrared imaging principle adopted by it, there is basically no possibility of rapid advancement. The reason why the car cloud is so affirmed is not the cloud, but based on the analysis of several unique technical characteristics unique to passive infrared night vision:
1. Recognition - Since the imaging source of passive infrared night vision technology is the heat emitted by surrounding objects, it is difficult to expand the types of objects that can be detected. This technology cannot be effectively perceived, such as potential pitfalls such as deep pits or gravel.
2. Detection distance - The detection range of passive infrared night vision technology is difficult to extend through technical improvements. The cause of this bottleneck still stems from the inherent deficiencies in the imaging mechanism. Simply put, the heat emitted by the human body or animal changes within a certain interval, so the passive infrared night vision technology has the theoretical maximum detection distance. In contrast, active infrared night vision systems can expand their detection range by replacing high-power infrared generators. For example, Cadillac's Eagle-eye night vision system has an actual detection range of more than 500 meters.
3. Clarity - Although compared with low-light imaging, passive infrared night vision technology is not affected by environmental factors such as light and haze, but the temperature stability is poor. From the actual display effect, the image quality is not better than The low-light imaging is higher, and the appearance of the surrounding environment cannot be truly restored through post-processing. The orientation and contour of the obstacle can only be indicated by the temperature difference. Similar to the first two items, the short board in this kind of bone cannot be solved by changing the components with better materials.
The expansion function is greatly enhanced
The second is the “soft indicatorâ€, which is based on the extra function configuration developed by night vision technology. From the current development trend of night vision technology, most manufacturers' innovations in night vision systems are concentrated here. The reason is simple:
1. As mentioned above, after decades of development, night vision imaging technology has become very mature, and it is extremely difficult to achieve a qualitative leap.
2. The primary purpose of night vision technology is to enhance nighttime driving safety, and to achieve synergy with the active safety system, so that its own advantages can be more fully highlighted.
Sure enough, Ford has done a lot of hard work in this regard.
First, it introduced a "dynamic light spot" function similar to the BMW Night Vision night vision system. If there are pedestrians, animals or cyclists in front of the vehicle, the two LED lights located near the fog lights will alert the driver through the focus of the beam to avoid collisions. More advanced than BMW, the system's beam focusing function detects up to eight targets simultaneously and focuses on the two targets that it considers to be the most dangerous. At the same time, along the direction of the target, the spotlight will also project a bright beam of light on the road surface to help the driver to more accurately determine the position of the target.
Beam focusing
Second, the system is also integrated with the follow-up steering function. For example, when the vehicle passes through the roundabout, the independent camera on the rearview mirror reads the road sign and guides the light to automatically adjust the illumination angle and height according to the driving trajectory of the vehicle so that the driver can see the exit more clearly. .
In addition, Ford's infrared camera headlight night vision technology also works in concert with the GPS system. Through the memory function, it can store the route that has been driven before, and automatically retrieve it when returning, so that the lamp can better adapt to the surrounding environment and reduce the safety hazard caused by the blind spot.
GPS collaboration
Car cloud summary:
Through analysis of the car cloud bacteria, Ford's new infrared camera headlight night vision technology has found a breakthrough in night vision imaging technology, but it is not very appropriate to call it a cold meal, at least compared to the current Most night vision systems have two major advantages.
First, the beam focusing function based on the night vision function eliminates the cumbersome troubles of the traditional night vision system, allowing the driver to concentrate on the road surface without having to pay attention to the central control panel or dashboard.
Second, the system's road sign recognition function is very unique, and its illumination area is more accurate than the ordinary follow-up steering function. Even, the car cloud has reason to believe that this function can also be coordinated with GPS, and pre-lighting specific exits according to the navigation route and intersection identification. However, due to the adoption of passive infrared imaging technology, its manufacturing cost is relatively high, which may have an impact on future technology decentralization.
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